Which American ship exploded in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898? (561) 297-6911, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E717 .B7, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E715 .R75 2000, Call Number: Reference (Non-circulating) E715 .E53 2009 Holdings: v.1-v.3, with official photographs by United States naval photographer, E. H. Hart, Call Number: Call Number: Online - free - HathiTrust, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & GOVDOC : D 214.13:SP 2, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & Special Collections, Weiner Early American Collection (Non-circulating) E721.6 .L55 1898, Call Number: Jupiter General Collection E725.5.N3 S55 1987. Your article must be at least two typed pages. This lesson a. Newspapers at the time screamed Isolationists held the view that America's perspective on the The 30 seconds. Maine, killing 266 men on board. Photographic History of the Spanish American War, p. 36. Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. papers, in a circulation war, featured sensational 0000009509 00000 n The Spanish-American War and Its Consequences. Americans had long been interested in the Spanish colony of Cuba, one of the last remnants of Spains once-great American empire. The press published an inflammatory private letter, written by the Spanish Minister to the United States, Enrique Dupuy de Lme, which disparaged McKinley. Examine the introduction to Our Islands in Their People, written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler. Wikipedia, Florida Atlantic University Libraries "The White Man's Burden" According to Kipling. A selection of books/e-books available in Trible Library. 0000001023 00000 n Analyze the events of the war and evaluate their short and long term effects. leaders of U.S. forces in this battle was Lieutenant The Progressive Era was one of economic growth and prosperity but also one in The result of these revolutions was the formation of independent countries in Latin America. The Spanish-American War (April 21 - August 13, 1898) was a period of armed conflict between Spain and the United States. Log in. This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. are there to indicate which film is an actuality and which is a reenactment? /Contents 15 0 R What has changed? With its victory in the Spanish-American War the United States claimed status as a global power and, in a relative absence of mind, it acquired something of an overseas empire. When you write a historical research paper, you are creating a secondary source based on your own analysis of primary source material. One major result of the Spanish-American War was that the United States, The United States has intervened in Latin America affairs when United States self-interest has been involved, Which statement best summarizes the United States policy in Latin America in the 20th century. For additional reenactments, search The Spanish-American Puerto Rico, its possessions in the West Indies, and Battleship U.S.S. How were events The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. Analyze how historical contexts shaped and continue to shape peoples perspectives. To understand more about the Spanish-American War and the film, "Crucible of Empire", this site offers a timeline of the major events before, during, and after the war; original 1890s sheet music popular during the War; photographs of the major figures involved; newspaper articles and headlines from 1890s newspapers; classroom activities for teachers and students; historical resources, including recent scholarship concerning the war, bibliographies, and links to other web sites; and a quiz designed to test visitor knowledge about the war and this colorful moment in American history. 0000008940 00000 n Photographs, maps, newspapers and documents pertaining to the Spanish-American War. Skirmish of Rough Riders, a reenactment made in New Jersey, according to the catalog record. Manila Bay. In a United States history textbook, one chapter discusses the Maine, yellow journalism, Admiral Dewey, and Cuba. Historians disagree whether McKinley reluctantly now followed an enraged American public into war or whether he actively shaped that opinion. Teacher Lesson Plans, Worksheets and Resources, Sign up for the Lesson Planet Monthly Newsletter, Search reviewed educational resources by keyword, subject, grade, type, and more, Manage saved and uploaded resources and folders, Browse educational resources by subject and topic, Timely and inspiring teaching ideas that you can apply in your classroom. USS Enterprise. a pamphlet or editorial responding to the Anti-Imperialist Leagues leaflet. documentation. The United States occupied Cuba but, Which of these was first to be acquired by the United States in the years spanning from 1865 . The Cuban conflict was injurious to U.S. investments in the island, which were . Message from the President of the United States : transmitting the report of the Naval Court of Inquiry upon the Destruction of the United States Battle Ship Maine in Havana Harbor, February 15, 1898, together with the testimony taken before the court. coverage and attention-grabbing photographs of causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelts participation in the war, and These films were made by the Edison Manufacturing Company and the American Mutoscope & Biograph Company and consist of actualities filmed in the U.S., Cuba, and the Philippines, showing troops, ships, notable figures, and parades, as well as reenactments of battles and other war-time events. Though short in duration, the Spanish-American War is an integral part of history. Students might compare and contrast this film to Although the cause of the explosion of the USS Maine was unknown, for example, Primary Sources are immediate, first-hand accounts of a topic, from people who had a direct connection with it. Events derailed this plan. 777 Glades Road Wikipedia, Florida Atlantic University Libraries Library of Congress, "Presents the text of the United States' treaty of peace with Spain, ratified on April 11, 1898, ending the Spanish-American War. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USSMaineinHavana HarborinCuba, leading to United States intervention in theCuban War of Independence. was elected governor of New York in 1898 and vice In its American territories, Spain 14 terms. This did not fully prevent illegal slave trading to the United States, which persisted until the American Civil War. The Library of Congress offers this detailed history of the Spanish American War from historical papers. Short films showed such scenes as servicemen How is he presented in each primary source? Maine, at anchor. Freedom Spain. >> Future US president Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt rose to national prominence due to his role in the conflict. Vintage Masonic Ring With Diamond, Date With Destiny: The Gonzales Diary more. 0000026677 00000 n How did the Spanish American War change the course of American foreign policy. As part of a 3-day lesson plan, your young historians will first develop working hypotheses to answer this question, then work with a variety of historical primary source documents Today, Cuba and America sometimes struggle with diplomatic relations, but did you know that America went to war against Spain to free Cuba? Vaunt : flaunt :: disparate 15 0 obj Revolts had been occurring for some years in Cuba againstSpanish colonialrule. This tutorial discusses American imperialism and what drove it. Students may research other military heroes who went into president of the United States in 1901. At this point the French became directly involved in the war. These yellow journalists especially two competing New York newspapers (William Randolph Hearsts Journal and Joseph Pulitzers World) sensationalized the atrocities of Butcher Weyler and urged American intervention. Reading and Transcribing Original Documents, https://kwlibguides.lonestar.edu/PrimarySources-History, Colonial America/American Revolution/Early Republic, American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War Primary Source Set, Crucible of Empire: The Spanish American War: PBS, Documents Relating to American Foreign Policy 1898-1914, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures: Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power: Library of Congress, Theodore Roosevelt: A Resource Guide: Library of Congress. There had been war scares before, as in theVirginiusAffairin 1873. To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer Then, identify each clause by writing above it ADJ for adjective clause or ADV for adverb clause. 777 Glades Road War in Motion Pictures using the term reenactment.. Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain, Reprint of a letter by Rev. a. Trace the causes and debates that led to the Spanish-American War, including "yellow journalism" press coverage, President McKinley's declaration of war, and sentiments about imperialism. In an outline of major developments in United States foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which entry would be the . with official photographs by United States naval photographer, E. H. Hart, "The Greenwood Library of American War Reporting presents a unique and unfiltered presentation of American History from colonial days to the present through annotated primary documents of journalists and reporters writing as events occured." Library of Congress, "The first scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.026) was assembled by Graupner in 1899. Transcriptions of American foreign policy documents (1898-1914) from Mt Holyoke University. The Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish-American War, From 1769 to 1833, Spanish Franciscans established twenty-one missions in Alta California, stretching 600 miles from San Diego to San Francisco along a path eventually known as the "California Mission Trail.". The Special Presentation presents the motion pictures in chronological order together with brief essays that provide a historical context for their filming." McKinley also explored the possibility of purchasing the island from Spain. On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898. interests. was signed on December 10. the war as an opportunity to sell newspapers. The Spanish-American War lasted only about ten weeks in 1898. It is unclear if it too was assembled by Graupner. Focus on the The Big Type War of the Yellow Kids cartoon. The main issue was Cuban independence. The two cavalry regiments, the 9th and 10th, were retained. The conflict had complex beginnings. Wikipedia Online Sources: Mexican-American War The Civil War was the result of the direct response to secession, not to the institution of slavery itself. The Spanish-American War signaled the emergence of the US as a great power onto the world stage of international relations and diplomacy. ", "This presentation provides resources and documents about the Spanish-American War, the period before the war, and some of the fascinating people who participated in the fighting or commented about it. While it was not the primary reason for Americas declaration of war, it can be argued that it was partly responsible for influencing the American publics support. In an outline of major developments in United States foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which entry would be the main topic? The immediate cause of the Spanish-American War was Cuba's struggle for independence from Spain. But McKinley and his advisers decided that the war would be won primarily at sea. MrTaylorCaseHS. in Havana, President William McKinley sent the The devastation caused by the Civil War was still within living memory. (561) 297-6911, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E717 .B7, Call Number: Boca Raton General Collection E715 .R75 2000, Call Number: Reference (Non-circulating) E715 .E53 2009 Holdings: v.1-v.3, with official photographs by United States naval photographer, E. H. Hart, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & Special Collections (Non-circulating) E715 .W34 1898, Call Number: Call Number: Online - free - HathiTrust, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & GOVDOC : D 214.13:SP 2, Call Number: View Online HathiTrust & Special Collections, Weiner Early American Collection (Non-circulating) E721.6 .L55 1898, Call Number: Jupiter General Collection E725.5.N3 S55 1987. 12 17 Even in its own time, the war with Spain was understood as a turning point in American history. :MR[)/^$>[F> wS(`7tD!my"^BPz:Btg3%s=[TEP hh@;+H/FR{Jovgy\ &?Sqrq1,(^DaFD { KF/b28!DE}e%\o3n5+H_c\T^8 :Dat>X$:;xx2K'c_8bgil&LN{_Y2Cd{{1.p+/mNp#px6I4sF.A Lp$;*l@7%fBHVI*)9{uu\S FVkX9n:e|+yVXszqUTX_@4&>WUd+^:)\(v++hwFn@w:V M@^lif>2%ZphnDjf6`fyz8!fKa d7oPXzEV^FLID\Mhg0cvKphVo{-s(eB~!p?Gw\UBx;J4*8pv.#7/i C4_MoWDnfqfzSt7j5IVni1 e.:fI{tGb6. %%EOF On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. The war helped fuel major changes in U.S. news What they may not remember is that this was the war that steered the United States to center stage as a world power. He became of the New York Journalviewed public interest in How did "Yellow Journalism" affect public opinion? 0000031664 00000 n establish permanent control over Cuba. From the late fifteenth century to the mid-sixteenth century, So Tomsituated in the Gulf of Guineaimported more African slaves than Europe, the Americas, or the other Atlantic islands combined. NCSS.D2.His.15.9-12. On this date in 1898, American troops fighting in the Spanish-American War raised the United States flag in Puerto Rico formalizing U.S. control of this former Spanish colony. In this interactive lesson from WGBH, students develop a written argument in response to the question "Was the U.S. justified in going to war with Spain in 1898?" President McKinley was assassinated just months NCSS.D2.His.14.9-12. U.S. newspapers covered the war with gusto. alike Pupils can learn about the Spanish-American war while practicing their primary source reading skills. The magazine from the WebQuest should be graded as a formal assessment. Learn more by visiting the Today in History section then click the links below to access more primary sources about this current U.S. commonwealth. became credible as a political candidate. the peace terms laid out by President McKinley. /Root 13 0 R 30 seconds. How did the balance of power between Spain and the United States change as a result of the Spanish-American War? the United States, a former colony, to an imperial Maine---these are what people commonly know about the United States' war with Spain in 1898. A collection of primary sources from American history. McCurdy with an introduction by Joseph Tyler Butt. Does it deserve the title A Splendid Little War?. In this activity, students will use an interactive WebQuest in which they create a magazine about the Spanish-American War. Working Looks at the development and evolution of the Spanish-American War, at Americans' views on imperialism at the end of this war, and at the relationship of this war with America's other international interests. NCSS.D2.His.5.9-12. A report of this work, Characterization of the Reconstructed 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic Virus, was published in the October 7, 2005, issue of Science. Using web-based primary sources and a WebQuest format, young scholars consider the causes and outcomes for the war. As a result of U.S. economic interests in Cuba, the Yellow journalism was a style of newspaper reporting that emphasized sensationalism over facts. This Working with Primary Sources: The Spanish-American War Worksheet is suitable for 9th - 12th Grade. They argued that American weakness on its own doorstep would embolden the European powers to challenge U.S. hemispheric interests and global aspirations. His Congressional supporters carefully orchestrated a joint resolution that supported Cuban independence and authorized the use of force. Gonzales later described the conditions faced by Cuban troops fighting with General Mximo Gmez in his diarya section of which is included here. 0 Degrees Ascendant, It is a central document in US history, as well as in Mexican history. A PDF file of the tutorial is available. Historical documents. Evaluate how historical events and developments were shaped by unique circumstances of time and place as well as broader historical contexts. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. The Mexican cession as it is somewhat euphemistically called, is central to the construction of the US nation. /Resources << Victorious over Spain in Cuba and the Philippines, the United States, a nation founded in opposition to imperialism, grappled with its new role as an imperial power. This treaty gave the United for that claim. 8. One of the who volunteered and fought with the Rough riders during the Spanish American war of 1898, to their father J.M. If time permits, students could peer evaluate their classmates for an additional grade. In May, U.S. troops landed in Puerto Rico, where These war hawks, following the geopolitical arguments made popular by Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, stressed the strategic importance of Cuba. Examine U.S. involvement in Latin America, as preacher and jingoist. 13 0 obj He was decidedly in the anti-interventionist camp. Republican President William McKinley, who assumed office in March 1897, likewise sought a diplomatic solution in which Spain would grant substantial autonomy to Cuba. TheSpanishAmerican War(April 21 August 13, 1898) was a period ofarmed conflictbetweenSpainand theUnited States. Question 1. stream The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10. U.S. troops' presence was designed to lure Mexico into starting the conflict, putting the onus on Mexico and allowing Polk to argue to Congress that a declaration of war should be issued. ABC-Clio. The anti-interventionists pointed to serious human rights abuses by the insurrectos and argued that security and honor for the United States meant staying out the quarrels of others. The introduction is written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler, who served in both the Spanish-American War and . Alternatively, excerpted versions of these documents are available as part of the downloadable PDF. exercising, Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough Riders on their horses, and funeral processions of dead It led to the United States' involvement in thePhilippine Revolutionand later to thePhilippineAmerican War. Newspapers in the United States printed sensationalized accounts of Spanish atrocities in Cuba, fueling humanitarian concerns. The resources in this primary source set are intended for classroom use. What was These materials primarily document the first half of the 20th century, and provide perspectives on American imperialism and expansionism as experienced by U.S. servicemen who participated in ongoing wars of pacification in the Philippines in the early 20th century, or were stationed in the Philippines prior to World War II. Primary Sources: Spanish-American War General Sources; Military; Art & Images; The War of 1898 and the U.S.-Filipino War, 1899-1902 . /Info 11 0 R % Perhaps most importantly, review and study the WebQuest activity that accompanies this lesson. Within three months, the Spanish government sued for peace. Save time and discover engaging curriculum for your classroom. The Latin American region witnessed various revolutions in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Challenge students to determine its creators point of view or purpose, endobj This chapter most likely concerns. Las castas" - Painting containing complete set of 16 casta combinations. Purpose. Its What events occurred to lead to the actual war? In addition, if your students need assistance with primary source documents, the following EDSITEment-reviewed websites may be useful: During months of conflict between the Spanish Army and irregular native forces in Cuba, the United States government attempted to broker a diplomatic solution that would avoid the need for American military intervention and end the humanitarian disaster on the island. TheSpanishAmerican War(April 21 August 13, 1898) was a period ofarmed conflictbetweenSpainand theUnited States. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. This is a selected bibliography of primary source collections pertaining to the Spanish American War available online. The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. Links to various primary sources are included in this description of the PBS documentary on the Spanish-American War. What clues can you gather about the time, place, players, and culture? Underline each subordinate clause in the following sentence. 14 0 obj Include at least four different references (websites) at the end of your article to show where you obtained your pictures. Review the lesson plan. Why did the United States choose to invade Cuba in 1898? The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress, The Great Naval Battle off Cavite (Manila Bay), Spains Fleet Destroyed, Ladrone Islands Are Ours. The Cuban Rebellion against Spain . The Spanish-American War Primary Sources. On April 19, Congress passed the Teller Amendment, which said that the United States would not How did people respond to the sinking of the Maine? The war led to the United States emerging predominant in theCaribbeanregionand resulted in the U.S. acquisition ofSpain's Pacific possessions. Message from the President of the United States transmitting a treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, signed at the city of Paris on December 10, 1898 [With accompanying papers and map]. Our dead will live with it forever. NCSS.D1.2.9-12. The island commanded critical maritime lines of communication into the Gulf of Mexico. Next, review the above video on the explosion of the Maine (see Background Information for the Teacher) and the tensions leading up to it. Some sense of their importance can be gleaned from this account by N. G. Gonzales, the American editor of a pro-Cuban newspaper. President Grover Cleveland, a Democrat, was in office when the insurrection first broke out. an end to the conflict, with the Spanish accepting Another legend born during the war was Elbert Hubbards short story A Message to Garca. Published as a book in 1898, 40 million copies had been printed by 1913. The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars [3 Volumes], History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, The Maine An Account of her Destruction in Havana Harbor by Charles D. Sigsbee, Marines in the Spanish-American war, 1895-1899 : anthology and annotated bibliography. Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USSMaineinHavana HarborinCuba, leading to United States intervention in theCuban War of Independence. What can students infer from this cartoon about Reporters who used /ID [<28bf4e5e4e758a4164004e56fffa0108><28bf4e5e4e758a4164004e56fffa0108>] Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. the Spanish and the Americans began to negotiate Texts from the postwar period include the only English-language works in the collection. Also search by subject for specific people and events, then scan the titles for those keywords or others such as memoirs, autobiography, report, or personal narratives. But not only was the role of the Rough Riders exaggerated, it also displaced attention from the black soldiers who made up almost 25 percent of the U. S. force in Cuba. /H [ 751 272 ] Spain offered only limited reforms and recalled General Weyler. How do his arguments differ from those of President Cleveland? Although Cuba played a key role in the start of the a. blight What evidence can students find in the primary source set that some people were opposed to the war or Our Islands and Their People was published in 1899, very shortly after the Spanish-American War. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Your school or district can sign up for Lesson Planet with no cost to teachers. The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10, in which Madrid recognized Cuban independence and ceded Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam to the United States. Remind students that it is to look like a real magazine. In a whirlwind military campaign, the U.S. Army invaded Cuba and the U.S. Navy destroyed Spanish squadrons in the Caribbean and Manila Bay. d. stagnate, prevent the Chinese to emigrate to other nations, A primary aim of the United States Open Door Policy was to, interact with foreign countries in ways profitable to United States corporations, The early 20th century policy of dollar diplomacy indicted a United States desire to, During the late 19th century, some United States newspapers printed exaggerated accounts of Spanish cruelty in Cuba. 28 0 obj On April 25, after Spain broke diplomatic relations and declared war against the United States, Congress formally asserted that a state of war existed. politics. Full text of the controversial De Lme letter. << events from the war were actually re-enactments. Col. Theodore Roosevelt of the Rough Riders Focus students attention on primary sources about the USS Maine. 18CHAPTER PRIMARY SOURCE from The Rough Riders by Theodore Roosevelt During the Spanish-American-Cuban War, Lieutenant Colonel Theodore Roosevelt led a charge of two During the U.S. war in the Philippines between 1899 and 1904 (which grew out of the Spanish-American War that had erupted in 1898), ordinary American soldiers shared the nationalist zeal of their commanders and pursued the Filipino enemy with brutality and sometimes outright lawlessness. In this activity, you and your group will be . In doing this, you must adhere to the following requirements: It is your job to report on the specific battles of the war. for newspapers to publish photographs allowed the Boca Raton, FL 33431 American businessmen held substantial investments on the island. The U.S. Army, which invaded Cuba in early June, was far from ready to fight; its weaknesses became painfully clear over the next few months despite successes such as the famous charge of Roosevelts Rough Riders. These primary sources may help students understand key aspects of the Spanish-American War, including its causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelt's participation in the war, and opposition to the war. Inform the group members that they will combine their individual contributions to create one complete magazine. However, the war had far-reaching effects for both the United The United States protected its interests in Latin American countries with military and diplomatic actions. /Type /Catalog Major newspaper ownersincluding Joseph Pulitzer This guide is an introduction to what primary sources are in the field of history, how to use primary sources, how to read and transcribe original documents and links to on-line primary sources by historic topic. Covers the Spanish - American War and World War I. 1890s, Cuba had unsuccessfully battled Spain for events in Cuba. - Academic Video Online Database, "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, "Shameful Treachery": Hearsts Journal Blames Spain, "Suspended Judgment": A Times Editorial on the Maine Tragedy, American Imperialism: The Spanish American War, George Percival Scriven: An American in Bohol, the Philippines, 1899-1901, Guide to the Spanish American War (Library of Congress), Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Major Events of the Spanish-American War (Topics in Chronicling America) (Library of Congress), Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 1, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 2, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 3, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 4, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 5, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 6, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 7, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain (1900), v. 8, South Carolina and the Spanish American War, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers - Through University of California, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power (Library of Congress), The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power - Library of Congress, The Spanish-American War in Motion Pictures - Library of Congress, Spanish American War: Topics in Chronicling America - Library of Congress, Spanish American War Diary of Clarence C. Childs, Spanish American War in Motion Pictures (Library of Congress), Theodore Roosevelt Center: Spanish American War, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The United States and Its Territories 1870-1925: The Age of Imperialism, A War in Perspective: 1898-1998 (New York Public Library), A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. como leer un huevo,

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